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Surah al-Ikhlas

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بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

قُلْ هُوَ اللَّهُ أَحَدٌ ۝

اللَّهُ الصَّمَدُ ۝

لَمْ يَلِدْ وَلَمْ يُولَدْ ۝

وَلَمْ يَكُن لَّهُ كُفُوًا أَحَدٌ ۝

112:1. Say: He, Allah, is One;

112:2. Allah, Who is sought by all.

112:3. He begets not nor was He begotten,

112:4. and there is none comparable to Him.

(Surah al-Ikhlas: 1–4)

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Commentary

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﴾Say﴿ with certain faith, believing in it and understanding its meaning:

﴾He, Allah, is One﴿ that is, He is the One and unique, to Whom alone belongs utmost perfection; to Him belong the most beautiful names and perfect, sublime attributes, and His deeds are far above any shortcomings; He has no counterpart and no equal.

﴾Allah, Who is sought by all﴿ to meet all needs.

The inhabitants of both the upper and lower realms are in the utmost need of Him; they ask Him for what they need and turn to Him regarding that which concerns them, because He is the only One Who is perfect in His attributes, the All-Knowing Who is perfect in His knowledge, the Forbearing Who is perfect in His forbearance, the Most Merciful Who is perfect in His mercy, Whose mercy encompasses all things… and so on with all His attributes.

In His perfection, ﴾He begets not nor was He begotten﴿ because He is completely independent of means,

﴾and there is none comparable to Him﴿ either in His names, attributes or deeds – blessed and exalted be He.

This surah refers to the oneness of the divine names and attributes (tawheed al-asmā’ was-ṣifāt).

This is the end of the commentary on Surah al-Ikhlas.

All praise and thanks are for Allah, and may the blessings and peace of Allah be upon Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ), his family, and his Companions abundantly until the Day of Judgement. Aameen!

— End quote from Tafseer As-Sa‘di